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Fungi as endophytes in Chinese Artemisia spp.: juxtaposed elements of phylogeny, diversity and bioactivity

Authors Cosoveanu, A.; Hernandez, M.; Iacomi-Vasilescu, B.; Zhang, X.; Shu, S.; Wang, M.; Cabrera, R.

Journal MYCOSPHERE , 2016,2:7

DOI 10.5943/mycosphere/7/2/2

Abstract Fungal endophytes were isolated from Artemisia lavandulifolia, A. tangutica, A. brachyloba, A. subulata, A. argy and A. scoparia in two Chinese localities, Qichun and Wuhan. 21 species were identified as belonging to one of the following: Diaporthe, Colletotrichum, Nigrospora, Botryosphaeria, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Neofusicoccum, Cercospora, Rhizoctonia, Alternaria and Curvularia. The evolutionary relationships were estimated through a phylogenetic tree using ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region sequences. Members of the Diaporthaceae family were not clustered with Trichosphaeriaceae and Glomerellaceae though all are members of the Sordariomycetes class. Analysis of fungal diversity engaged various indices with results revealing contradictory aspects. Two new genera and two new species were reported as endophytes in Artemisia spp. (Nigrospora, Curvularia, Neofusicoccum parvum and Penicillium chrysogenum). Only two fungal species were found common in both localities. In dual culture assays with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Alternaria alternata and Fusarium oxysporum, Nigrospora endophytes provoked lysis, parasitism and had the highest values as antagonists against all pathogens. Fungal endophyte extracts were assayed against the mentioned pathogens. The three extracted fungi with the highest activity were: Botryosphaeria dothidea and Curvularia geniculata against A. alternata and Curvularia spicifera against S. sclerotiorum.

Species covered 蒿属 Artemisia